The Mackay River Oil Sands Project and Duvernay Shale Gas Project in Canada implemented systematic environmental management, incorporating all requirements of the Environmental Protection and Enhancement Act (EPEA) into their environmental management systems. During construction and operation, strict compliance with EPEA regulations—including the construction and operation of environmental facilities, implementation of protective measures, and environmental monitoring and reporting—ensured stable treatment and compliant emissions of exhaust gases, wastewater reuse rates exceeding 99.5%, and lawful disposal of solid waste. These efforts significantly reduced the ecological impact of operations.